23 research outputs found
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HIV Risk Activity Among Persons With Severe Mental Illness: Preliminary Findings
This paper reports on HIV-related risk activities among 95 people with severe mental illness in psychiatric care in New York City
Hispanics in the United States at the dawn of the twenty-first century : a growing, yet underdeveloped force
Al despuntar el nuevo siglo, la población hispana en los Estados Unidos se ha convertido en el grupo étnico más numeroso de esa nación. Su crecimiento es vigoroso, debido tanto a su alta\ud
tasa de natalidad como a la sostenida inmigración latinoamericana de las últimas tres décadas, que\ud
parece extenderse hacia el futuro prĂłximo. Sin embargo, la situaciĂłn socioeconĂłmica de esta poblaciĂłn adolece de serios problemas estructurales que reflejan una elevada tasa de desempleo, una estructura ocupacional adversa, ingresos bajos, altos Ăndices de pobreza, educaciĂłn formal\ud
deficiente e insuficiente a todos los niveles, poco dominio del idioma inglĂ©s e inferiores niveles de participaciĂłn polĂtica en comparaciĂłn con los otros grupos Ă©tnicos. El gran enigma que confrontan analizadores y dirigentes polĂticos por igual se relaciona a la capacidad de incorporaciĂłn eventual\ud
del segmento hispano al resto de la poblaciĂłn. El asunto es sumamente complejo, pues los hispanos no presentan una estructura monolĂtica; antes bien, existen profundas diferencias culturales e histĂłricas que incluyen no solamente lugar de origen y concentraciĂłn en diferentes regiones del\ud
paĂs, sino tambiĂ©n gran heterogeneidad dentro de cada grupo
Evaluation de la charge de l’aidant apres un accident vasculaire cerebral au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brazzaville
Introduction: L’accident vasculaire cérébral (AVC) est la première cause du handicap acquis de l’adulte et la deuxième cause de démence. Le retour au domicile du patient est étroitement lié à la charge de l’aidant. Le but de notre étude était d’évaluer la charge de l’aidant principal des patients victimes d’AVC après le retour au domicile.Méthode: Il s’est agi d’une étude longitudinale analytique réalisée du 1er octobre 2014 au 30 septembre 2015, au CHU de Brazzaville. Tous les patients hospitalisés pour un premier AVC confirmé par une imagerie cérébrale et retournés à leur domicile ont été inclus. Tous les patients ayant un score de Rankin modifié ≥ 2 avant l’hospitalisation n’ont pas été inclus. L’échelle de Zarit a été utilisée pour évaluer la charge de l’aidant principal. Les autres variables étudiées regroupaient les données sociodémographiques des patients et des aidants. L’impact psychologique et fonctionnel de l’hémiplégie vasculaire des patients, a été évalué respectivement par le questionnaire abrégé de Beck et l’index de Barthel. Le logiciel SPSS 21 a été utilisé pour l’analyse statistique. Le seuil de significativité a été fixé à 0,05.Résultats: L’étude a porté sur 70 patients d’âge moyen de 55,4±11,49 ans, avec un sex ratio de 1,12. L’aidant principalétait représenté par un descendant dans 44,5%. L’âge moyen des aidants était de 41,4 ± 11,9 ans, significativement inférieur à celui des patients (p < 0,001). Le score de Zarit moyen était de 44,8 ±10,6 ; 36,4 ±12,1 et 27,2 ±13,8 respectivement à un, trois et six mois de suivi. La charge de l’aidant s’est améliorée avec le temps, avec une variation moyenne du score de Zarit entre le premier et sixième mois de suivi statistiquement significative de -17,6±8,16 (p<0,001). L’âge du patient « supérieur à 65 ans », le mode de vie « avec conjoint » et le type d’AVC « hémorragique » étaient identifiés comme facteurs associés à la charge de l’aidant.Conclusion: La charge de l’aidant principal s’améliore au cours de l’évolution, avec l’amélioration de l’autonomie fonctionnelle et de l’humeur des patients. Il est nécessaire d’inclure cette donnée lors de l’éducation thérapeutique des aidants dans le cadre d’une prise en charge globale des AVC.Mots clés: Accident vasculaire cérébral, Congo, Charge aidant, invalidité, réadaptationEnglish Title: Assessment of caregiver’s burden after stroke at the Brazzaville University HospitalEnglish AbstractIntroduction: Stroke is the leading cause of acquired disability in adults and the second leading cause of dementia. After the hospitalization phase, the return to the patient’s home is closely linked to the caregiver’s burden. The aim of our study was to assess the burden of the primary caregiver of stroke patients after returning home.Method: This was a longitudinal study carried out from 1st October 2014 to 30th September 2015 at the university hospital of Brazzaville. All patients hospitalized for a first stroke confirmed by brain imaging and returned to their homes were included. All patients with a modified Rankin Scale ≥ 2 prior to hospitalization were not included. The Zarit scale was used to assess the caregiver’s burden. The other variables studied included socio-demographic data from patients and caregivers, the psychological and physical impact of patients’ vascular hemiplegia, assessed respectively by abbreviated Beck’s questionnaire and the Barthel index. The SPSS 21 software was used for statistical analysis. The significance threshold was set at 0.05.Results: The study included 70 patients with a mean age of 55.4 ± 11.49 years, with a sex ratio of 1.12. The primary caregiver was represented by a descendant in 44.5%. The mean age of caregivers was 41.4 ± 11.9 years, significantly lower than that of the patients (p <0.001). The average Zarit score was 44.8 ± 10.6; 36.4 ± 12.1 and 27.2 ± 13.8 respectively at one, three and six months of follow-up. The caregiver burden improved over time, with an average change in the Zarit score between the first and the sixth month of statistically significant follow-up of -17.6 ± 8.16 (p <0.001). Patient age “over 65 years”, “spousal” lifestyle, and “haemorrhagic” stroke were identified as factors associated with the caregiver’s burden.Conclusion: The burden of neurological disability after a stroke on the primary caregiver improves as the course progresses, with improved functional autonomy and improved patient mood. It is necessary to include this data in the therapeutic education of caregivers in the context of comprehensive care for stroke patients.Keywords: Caregiver burden, Congo, disability, strok
Roots and reassessment of the Cuban 'guerrilla ethos' : from the armed imperative to the end of foquismo
Based on original interviews and rare archival sources, the central thread of this article is the origin, rise and reassessment of the Cuban Revolution’s «guerrilla ethos» that shaped the political creed of the first revolutionary generation. During the anti-Fulgencio Batista insurrection (1952-1959), the belief that only violence could lead to the ousting of the dictator steadily gained traction among the opposition as the right path to revolution. This radical approach was already voiced by a number of movements prior to the Moncada attack (July 1953), when Fidel Castro became a public national figure, and was crowned by the advent of the revolution in 1959. The revolutionary administration established an insurrectional doctrine – sometimes known as foquismo – that stemmed from the «lessons » of the anti-Batista fight and guided the island’s external involvements throughout the sixties. However, the «guerrilla mentality» confronted major challenges in the second half of the decade (guerrilla’s defeats, Soviet pressures). This article stresses an additional and often forgotten component that, nonetheless, exerted a powerful effect on Cuba’s reconsideration of its previous revolutionary principles: the unfolding of the Juan Velasco Alvarado military government (1968-1975) in Peru, promptly labelled in Havana as a viable route to «revolution», which resulted in a partial revision of the «guerrilla ethos» that emerged in fifties
HAMP: Doomed from the Start
The collapse of the American housing market has had deleterious effects on not only the U.S. economy, but also the global economy, plunging much of the world into the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression
La relaciĂłn entre educaciĂłn ambiental y cultura ambiental
El presente artĂculo de revisiĂłn constituye un resultado de la tesis para el doctorado en Ciencias PedagĂłgicas defendida por el autor. Tiene como objetivo fundamentar la educaciĂłn ambiental como plataforma para desarrollar la cultura ambiental. Se esclarecen primero las relaciones que se tejen entre las categorĂas educaciĂłn y cultura y, posteriormente, los que se establecen entre la educaciĂłn ambiental y la cultura ambiental en el marco del vĂnculo histĂłrico que ha existido entre estas. Se describe la interacciĂłn recĂproca existente entre ambas y se develan los lazos de cooperaciĂłn y complementariedad que devienen en resultado
La educaciĂłn ambiental como plataforma para desarrollar una cultura del medio ambiente / To environmental education as a platform of the environmental culture
Este artĂculo tiene como objetivo fundamentar la educaciĂłn ambiental como plataforma para desarrollar la cultura ambiental. Para ello se analiza con el uso de los mĂ©todos teĂłricos analĂtico-sintĂ©tico, inductivo-deductivo e histĂłrico-lĂłgico, asĂ como el empĂrico  análisis documental, la relaciĂłn existente entre las categorĂas educaciĂłn ambiental y cultura ambiental, en el marco del vĂnculo histĂłrico que ha existido entre educaciĂłn y cultura. Se describe la interacciĂłn recĂproca existente entre ambas y se develan los lazos de cooperaciĂłn y complementariedad que devienen en resultados sinĂ©rgicos mutuamente beneficiosos.This paper is aimed at providing a theoretical framework for environmental education as the basis to develop an environmental culture. For that reason, the relationship between environmental education and environmental culture is analysed, within the context of historical culture. Their mutual interaction resulting from synergic is described